Bridge K-12 Projects and Experiments
Beam Bridge
| Beams bridge |
 |
| This footbridge was made from beams and boards obtained from logs from the surrounding forest. |
| Ancestor: |
Log bridge |
| Related: |
None |
| Descendant: |
Box girder bridge, Plate girder bridge, trestle, truss bridge, moon bridge |
| Carries: |
Pedestrians, automobiles, trucks, light rail, heavy rail |
| Span range: |
Short |
| Material: |
Timber, iron, steel, reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete |
| Movable: |
No |
| Design effort: |
low |
| Falsework required: |
No, unless cast-in place reinforced concrete is used |
A beam bridge is a rigid, horizontal structure that rests on two end supports, and carries traffic loads by acting structurally as a beam. It is a direct descendant of the log bridge, now more normally made from shallow steel 'I' beams, box girders, reinforced concrete, or post-tensioned concrete.
It is frequently used in pedestrian bridges and for highway overpasses
and flyovers. As is its ancestor, this bridge is in structural terms
the simplest of the many bridge types.
Decorative beam bridges, commonly built from cedar, pine, and redwood, can span a koi pond or country creek. These free standing bridges are usually built as functional walkways or just for decoration.
A steel pedestrian footbridge over a busy road in Swansea, typical of many beam bridges (the superstructure supports only the fence, not the bridge).
Log Bridge
| Log Bridge |
 |
| Footpath bridge in the French Alps near Vallorcine |
| Ancestor: |
Step-stone bridge |
| Related: |
Clapper bridge |
| Descendant: |
Beam bridge |
| Carries: |
Pedestrians, vehicles (on multiple parallel logs) |
| Span range: |
Short |
| Material: |
Logs, dry set stonework footings, top may be flattened or boards added, topped with rammed earth for vehicles |
| Movable: |
No |
| Design effort: |
Low |
| Falsework required: |
No |
A log bridge is a bridge
that uses logs that fall naturally or are intentionally felled or
placed across streams. The first manmade bridges with significant span
were probably intentionally felled trees. The use of emplaced logs is
now sometimes used in temporary bridges used for logging roads, where a
forest tract is to be harvested and the road then abandoned. Such log
bridges have a severely limited lifetime due to soil contact and
subsequent rot and wood-eating insect infestation. Longer lasting log bridges may be constructed by using treated logs and/or by providing well drained footings of stone or concrete
combined with regular maintenance to prevent soil infiltration. This
care in construction can be seen in the bridge illustrated, which has
well locked dry set stone abutments and a footpath leveled with boards.
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from Wikipedia Encyclopedia article "Beam Bridge"
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